What Is The Current Makeup Of The Us Senate

The following chart shows the partisan balance in the Senate.

Leadership

Run across also: 117th United States Congress

Constitutionally mandated officers

• President of the Senate: The vice president of the Usa is besides the president of the Senate. While they cannot normally vote on Senate matters, they preside over the Senate and act as a tie-breaker. They also receive and announce the tally of the electoral higher vote for president and vice president before the Senate.^[two]
• President Pro Tempore: Fills in for the president of the Senate when they are absent. They are also the third in the line of succession for the presidency. In recent years the office has largely been given to popular senators from the bulk party.^[three]

Political leaders

• Political leaders include the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader, as well as the Bulk Whip and the Minority Whip.^[4]

Elected Senate officers

• The Chaplain: The Senate Chaplain provides spiritual services and counseling to Senate members, family and staff.^[five]
• Party Secretaries: Each party elects a party secretary to aid in communication of Senate concern.^{[half dozen]}
• The Secretary of the Senate: The secretarial assistant of the Senate performs a wide range of administrative duties, from tape keeping, to procurement and information technology.^[7]
• The Sergeant at Arms: The Sergeant at Arms is the chief law enforcement officer of the Senate. They hold the jurisdiction to take senators to the Senate Chamber to form a quorum, enforce Senate rules, and even arrest the President of the The states if then ordered by the Senate. The Sergeant at Arms is in charge of maintaining security for the Senate Chamber, the Senate wing of the majuscule, and other Senate buildings. Finally, they keep the gavel used to starting time daily Senate business concern.^[8]

Special elections

See also: Special elections to the 117th The states Congress (2021-2022)

Special elections volition exist held during the 117th Congress to supplant members of Congress who leave office for whatsoever reason.

Senators

Members of the Senate are chosen senators. Each of the l states is given two Senate seats. Washington D.C. and territories, such equally Puerto Rico and Guam, do not receive whatever delegates to the Senate.

Each senator serves for a six-year term. There are no term limits for senators.^[9]

Qualifications

Co-ordinate to the U.Southward. Constitution, senators must meet the following requirements:^[10]

• At to the lowest degree xxx years old
• A U.S. citizen for at least nine years
• A resident of the state he or she represents

Additionally, all fifty states maintain requirements related to running for election. These filing requirements vary and can include:

• A filing fee
• A petition with a minimum number of valid signatures

"	Department. 3 Clause 1: The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for half-dozen Years; and each Senator shall take one Vote. Clause two: Immediately after they shall be assembled in Upshot of the first Ballot, they shall exist divided as every bit as may exist into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Course shall exist vacated at the Expiration of the second Yr, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the tertiary Form at the Expiration of the sixth Twelvemonth, so that 1 third may be chosen every 2nd Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of whatever State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Coming together of the Legislature, which shall and then fill such Vacancies. Clause 3: No Person shall exist a Senator who shall not take attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Denizen of the United states of america, and who shall non, when elected, exist an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. Clause iv: The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, merely shall take no Vote, unless they be as divided. Clause five: The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Part of President of the United States. Clause vi: The Senate shall accept the sole Ability to effort all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Adjuration or Affidavit. When the President of the Usa is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall exist bedevilled without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. Clause vii: Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall non extend farther than to removal from Function, and disqualification to hold and relish any Office of accolade, Trust or Profit under the The states: merely the Party bedevilled shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Penalisation, according to Police force.[11]	"
—The U.S. Constitution, Article one, Section iii

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Committees

There are xx primary committees and 68 subcommittees in the U.S. Senate. In that location are as well several joint committees with the U.Due south. House of Representative. In general, the committees have legislative jurisdiction, with specific topics dealt out to the subcommittees. The majority party chairs and receives the nigh seats on committees. Yet, senators are limited to the number of committees they may have function in.

Legislation goes through committees before it reaches the full Senate for fence and approval.^[12]

U.Due south. Senate

• Committee on Aging (Special)
• Commission on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
• Commission on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
• Committee on Commerce, Scientific discipline, and Transportation
• Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
• Committee on Environment and Public Works
• Commission on Ideals (Select)
• Committee on Finance
• Commission on Foreign Relations
• Commission on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
• Commission on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
• Committee on Indian Affairs
• Commission on Intelligence (Select)
• Committee on Rules and Administration
• Commission on Pocket-size Business and Entrepreneurship
• Committee on the Judiciary
• Senate Committee on Appropriations
• Senate Committee on Armed forces
• Senate Commission on Budget
• Senate Commission on Veterans' Affairs

Joint committees

• Joint Committee on Press
• Articulation Committee on Revenue enhancement
• Articulation Committee on the Library
• Joint Economical Committee
• Joint Select Commission on Deficit Reduction
• Joint Select Committee on Solvency of Multiemployer Pension Plans

Elections

See also: Classes of United States Senators

Every two years, 33 or 34 seats in the U.S. Senate are up for election. Seats in the U.South. Senate for the purposes of determining the year of an election are defined as Class I, Class II, and Class III. Elections for these seats have identify in this rotation:

• 2018; 2024: Class I.
• 2020; 2026: Class II.
• 2016; 2022: Class III.

2022

See also: United States Senate elections, 2022

Elections to the U.S. Senate will be held on November viii, 2022. A total of 34 of the 100 seats are up for regular election.

2020

Meet besides: United States Senate elections, 2020

Elections to the U.South. Senate were held on Nov 3, 2020. A total of 33 of the 100 seats were upwardly for regular election.

2018

Run into as well: United states Senate elections, 2018

Heading into the election, the Republican Party held a 51 seat bulk in the sleeping room. Democrats held 47 seats, and the remaining two were held by independents who caucus with the Democratic Party. The Democratic Party faced greater partisan risk in 2018, as they were defending 25 seats (two of which were held past independents), while eight seats up for ballot in 2018 were held by Republican incumbents by comparison. The Democratic Political party had to defend seats in 10 states that supported Donald Trump (R) over Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016.

U.Due south. Senate Partisan Breakup
Party		As of Nov 5, 2018	After the 2018 Election
	Democratic Party	47	45
	Republican Party	51	53
	Independent	2	two
	Vacancies	0	0
Total		100	100

Battlegrounds

The post-obit map displays which Senate seats were up for election in 2018 and identifies those races that were considered battleground elections. Mouse over a state for more detailed information.

Results of United states of america Senate battlegrounds, 2018
State	Incumbent	Winner	Partisan change	Incumbent status
Arizona	Jeff Flake	Kyrsten Sinema	Yes	Incumbent didn't seek re-election
California	Dianne Feinstein	Dianne Feinstein	No	Won
Florida	Bill Nelson	Rick Scott	Yes	Lost
Indiana	Joe Donnelly	Mike Braun	Yeah	Lost
Minnesota (special)	Tina Smith	Tina Smith	No	Won
Missouri	Claire McCaskill	Josh Hawley	Aye	Lost
Mississippi (special)	Cindy Hyde-Smith	Cindy Hyde-Smith	No	Won
Montana	Jon Tester	Jon Tester	No	Won
N Dakota	Heidi Heitkamp	Kevin Cramer	Aye	Lost
New Jersey	Bob Menendez	Bob Menendez	No	Won
New Mexico	Martin Heinrich	Martin Heinrich	No	Won
Nevada	Dean Heller	Jacky Rosen	Aye	Lost
Ohio	Sherrod Brown	Sherrod Brown	No	Won
Tennessee	Bob Corker	Marsha Blackburn	No	Incumbent didn't seek re-election
Texas	Ted Cruz	Ted Cruz	No	Won
West Virginia	Joe Manchin	Joe Manchin	No	Won

2016

See as well: United states Senate elections, 2016

The 34 Class Three U.Southward. Senate seats were up for election on November viii, 2016. Of those 34 seats, 24 were held by Republicans and 10 by Democratic senators. Democrats needed to take 5 seats to regain control of the majority that they lost in 2014. They fell short, ultimately picking up just two seats.

U.Due south. Senate Partisan Breakdown
Party		As of November 2016	After the 2016 Election
	Democratic Party	44	46
	Republican Political party	54	52
	Independent	2	two
Total		100	100

2014

Run into also: United States Senate elections, 2014

The 33 Class Two U.S. Senate seats were up for election on Nov 4, 2014. Of those 33 seats, twenty were held by Democrats and 13 by Republican senators. Additionally, three special elections took place in 2014 to fill vacancies that occurred during the 113th Congress (Hawaii, Oklahoma and South Carolina). All three of these special elections took place on November 4, 2014, for a total of 36 Senate elections. Democrats lost nine seats and the majority in the Senate.

U.South. Senate
Dem.	44
Rep.	54
Ind.	ii
Total	100
UNDECIDED	0
Click here for more details.

U.S. Senate Partisan Breakdown
Political party		As of 2014 Election	After the 2014 Ballot
	Democratic Political party	53	44
	Republican Political party	45	54
	Independent	two	2
Total		100	100

2012

See also: U.S. Senate elections, 2012

Elections to the U.Due south. Senate were held on Nov six, 2012. Of the 33 seats up for election, 23 were held by Democrats and 10 by Republicans. The Democratic Party retained command over the bedchamber, winning 25 of the 33 seats. With Republican candidates winning only eight seats, this was the worst performance by a major party since the 1950s.^[13]

U.S. Senate Partisan Breakup
Party		Equally of Nov 2012	Subsequently the 2012 Election
	Autonomous Party	51	53
	Republican Party	47	45
	Independent	ii	2
Full		100	100

Wave elections (1918-2016)

See likewise: Wave elections (1918-2016)

The term wave election is frequently used to describe an election cycle in which one party makes significant electoral gains. How many seats would Republicans have had to lose for the 2018 midterm election to be considered a wave ballot?

Ballotpedia examined the results of the 50 election cycles that occurred between 1918 and 2016—spanning from President Woodrow Wilson'southward (D) 2d midterm in 1918 to Donald Trump's (R) beginning presidential election in 2016. Nosotros define wave elections as the 20 percent of elections in that period resulting in the greatest seat swings against the president's party.

Applying this definition to four dissimilar ballot groups (U.Due south. Senate, U.S. Business firm, governorships, and state legislatures) yields specific numbers of seats that Republicans needed to lose for 2018 to qualify as a wave ballot. Those are:

• 48 U.South. Business firm seats,
• 7 U.Southward. Senate seats,
• 7 gubernatorial seats, or
• 494 state legislative seats.

The midterm election results in 2018 met those levels in one category, as Democrats gained seven governorships. In congressional elections, Democrats had a internet gain of twoscore U.S. Business firm seats while Republicans actually gained a cyberspace full of two U.S. Senate seats. Democrats gained a net 309 state legislative seats.

Click here to read the full written report.

Analysis

Bacon

As of 2022, most senators are paid $174,000 per year. Majority and minority leaders, besides equally the president pro tempore, receive $193,400.^[fourteen]

Some historical facts almost the salary of U.S. Senate members:

• In 1789, members of the Senate received $6 per diem^[14]
• In 1874, members of the Senate earned $5,000 per year^[xiv]
• In 1990, members of the Senate earned $98,400 per year^[xiv]
• From 2000-2006, the salary of a member of the U.Southward. Senate increased every year, going from $141,300-$165,200 in that time span.^[xiv]

Voting with the political party

OpenCongress is a website that tracks how oft members of Congress vote with the majority of their party conclave. In May 2014, there were 51 Democrats and 45 Republicans tracked.

Democrats:^[15]

• The average (mean) Democrat voted with the party approximately 95.0 percent of the team.
• The boilerplate (median) Democrat voted with the party approximately 95.55 percent of the time.
• The top Democrat voted with the party approximately 98.8 percent of the time.
• The bottom Democrat voted with the party approximately 72.8 percent of the time.

Republicans:^[16]

• The average (both mean & median) Republican voted with the political party approximately 86.8 per centum of the squad.
• The top Republican voted with the party approximately 94.9 percent of the time.
• The bottom Republican voted with the political party approximately 62.7 percent of the fourth dimension.

Cyberspace worth

See too: Changes in Net Worth of U.Southward. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United states Senators and Representatives

The average net worth of members of the Senate, based on data from OpenSecrets.org, is every bit follows:^[17]

Yr	# in Senate Reports	Senate Average	Senate Std Dev
2010	116	$thirteen,224,333	$34,978,652
2009	116	$thirteen,229,651	$35,913,577
2008	110	$13,835,333.	$38,866,085
2007	106	$17,170,451	$49,007,497
2006	107	$14,106,027	$44,182,270
2005	101	$xiv,553,612	$41,993,697
2004	105	$fourteen,455,289	$41,653,112

Note: Report numbers may reflect incoming and approachable members of congress.

116th Congress: Demographics

The 116th Congress surpassed the 115th Congress as the most diverse Congress in the nation's history.

The House and Senate both set records for female person representation. The House has 102 women, comprising 23 percent of the chamber's voting members. The Senate has 25 women, the greatest female person representation in Senate history.^{[18] [xix]}

The 116th Congress too has the largest number of Blacks (55), Hispanics/Latin Americans (44), Asians/Pacific Islanders (fifteen), and Native Americans (four), making up 22 percent of Congress. The 116th Congress too has 10 members who openly identify as LGBTQ.^{[20] [19] [21]}

The 116th Congress is slightly more religiously diverse than the 115th Congress. Four hundred and seventy-ane members place every bit Christian, 34 as Jewish, three every bit Muslim, three equally Hindu, 2 equally Buddhist, two as Unitarian Universalist, ane every bit unaffiliated, and 18 declined to specify a religious affiliation when polled by Pew Inquiry Centre.^[22]

Current members

Current senators

The following is a uncomplicated listing of the current members of the U.S. Senate:

See also

• U.s.a. Congress
• United States Business firm of Representatives
• 117th Congress
• United States Congress elections, 2022
• Usa Firm of Representatives elections, 2022
• United States Senate elections, 2022
• Special elections to the 117th United States Congress (2021-2022)
• United States Congress elections, 2020
• United states of america House of Representatives elections, 2020
• United States Senate elections, 2020
• Special elections to the 116th U.s. Congress (2019-2020)

External links

• U.South. Senate website
• U.South. House of Representatives website
• CONGRESS.GOV Text archive of all congressional legislation.
  

Footnotes

1. ↑ The ii Independents caucus with the Democratic Party.
2. ↑ The U.S. Senate, "Vice President of the Usa (President of the Senate)," Apr 12, 2012
3. ↑ The U.Due south. Senate, "President Pro Tempore," July 9, 2012
4. ↑ The U.S. Senate, "Senate Organization Chart for the 112th Congress," April 12, 2012
5. ↑ The U.S. Senate, "Senate Chaplain," Apr 12, 2012
6. ↑ The U.S. Senate, "Party Secretaries," April 12, 2012
7. ↑ The U.S. Senate, "Secretary of the Senate," April 12, 2012
8. ↑ The U.S. Senate, "Sergeant At Arms," April 12, 2012
9. ↑ The U.S. Constitution, Commodity i, Section 3
10. ↑ U.S. Senate Official Website, "Learn," Apr 12, 2012
11. ↑ Annotation: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are owing to the original source.
12. ↑ The U.S. Senate, "About the Senate Committee System," Oct 7, 2014
13. ↑ Salon.com, "The Business firm GOP can't be vanquish: It'due south worse than gerrymandering," January 13, 2013
14. ↑ ^{14.0 14.1 14.two fourteen.three 14.4} U.S. Senate, "Salaries," accessed May 29, 2012
15. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," archived March five, 2016
16. ↑ [https://spider web.archive.org/spider web/20160205004648/http://world wide web.opencongress.org/people/votes_with_party/senate/republican OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," archived February five, 2016
17. ↑ OpenSecrets, "Personal Finances: Overview,"April 12, 2012
18. ↑ Pew Research, "A record number of women will be serving in the new Congress," Dec 18, 2018
19. ↑ ^{19.0 nineteen.1} Concern Insider, "This ane graphic shows how much more diverse the Firm of Representatives volition become in January," December 16, 2018
20. ↑ Politician, "Congress's incoming grade is younger, bluer, and more than diverse than ever," November 28, 2018
21. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections presents our comprehensive guide to the 116th Congress members and districts," November 29, 2018
22. ↑ Pew Enquiry Center, "Faith on the Hill," January 3, 2019

five•e United states of america Congress
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Joint Congressional committees	Deficit Reduction • Printing • Taxation • Library • Economic
U.S. Senate Committees	Crumbling • Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry • Appropriations • Armed Services • Cyberbanking, Housing, and Urban Affairs • Budget • Commerce, Scientific discipline and Transportation • Energy and Natural Resources • Environment and Public Works • Ethics (Select) • Finance • Foreign Relations • Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions • Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs • Indian Affairs • Intelligence (Select) • Judiciary • Rules and Administration • Small Business and Entrepreneurship • Veterans' Affairs
U.S. Firm Committees	Agriculture • Appropriations • War machine • Budget • Didactics and the Workforce • Energy and Commerce • Ideals • Financial Services • Foreign Diplomacy • Homeland Security • House Administration • Intelligence (Permanent Select) • Judiciary • Natural Resources • United States Business firm of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform • Rules • Science, Space, and Technology • Small Business organisation • Transportation and Infrastructure • Veterans' Affairs • Ways and Ways
Super PACs	American Span 21st Century • American Crossroads • American Unity PAC • Campaign for Primary Accountability • Club for Growth Action • Congressional Leadership Fund • Cooperative of American Physicians IE Commission• Crossroads Generation • Ending Spending Action Fund • Endorse Liberty • Fair Share Activeness • FreedomWorks for America • Government Integrity Fund • House Majority PAC • Independence U.s.a. Fund • League of Conservation Voters • Liberty for All PAC • Senate Bulk PAC • National Clan of Realtors • NEA Advocacy Fund • NextGen Climate Action • Now or Never PAC • Planned Parenthood Votes • Ready for Hillary • Republican Jewish Coalition Victory Fund • Restore America'southward Voice PAC • SEIU Pea-Federal • Women Vote! • Workers' Voice
Personal Gain Index	Changes in Net Worth of U.Southward. Senators and Representatives • The Donation Concentration Metric

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